Step 1. Section 2: what will this do to me?
Section 2 lists the GHS classification, the signal word (Danger or Warning), every pictogram that applies, and the full list of H-statements. Read the pictograms first, then the signal word, then scan the H-codes for anything unfamiliar. Anything starting with H3xx is a health hazard, H2xx is a physical hazard, H4xx is environmental.
Step 2. Section 4: what if something goes wrong?
Section 4 tells you the first-aid response for skin contact, eye contact, inhalation and ingestion. Read this before you open the container. It is written for people who are already panicking, so it should be short and mechanical. If it is not, that is a red flag on the SDS.
Step 3. Section 8: what protects me?
Section 8 lists exposure limits (TWA, STEL) and required PPE: gloves (with material and breakthrough time), eye protection, respiratory protection and engineering controls (ventilation, fume hood). Match your setup to this list before you handle the product.
Bonus: Section 10
If you are mixing anything, glance at Section 10 (stability and reactivity) for the "incompatible materials" line. It takes 20 seconds and prevents 90% of the accidents that result from mixing chemicals that should never meet.
FAQ
Which three SDS sections should I read first?
Section 2 (hazards), Section 4 (first aid) and Section 8 (exposure controls and PPE). Together they tell you what the product does to you, what to do if things go wrong, and how to prevent it.
Do I need to read all 16 sections every time?
No. Sections 2, 4, 7 (handling), 8 (PPE) and 10 (reactivity) are the working minimum. The rest matter for spills, shipping, disposal or audits.