Signal words: Danger vs Warning

Every GHS label carries at most one signal word. It is the shortest possible summary of severity — before pictograms, before H-codes.

The rule

  • Danger is reserved for the most severe hazard categories (typically Cat. 1 and 2).
  • Warning covers less severe categories (typically Cat. 3 to 5).
  • If a product qualifies for both, only Danger appears on the label.
  • Products classified only in the lowest categories (e.g. some aquatic Cat. 4) carry no signal word.

Examples

  • Concentrated sulfuric acid: Skin corrosion Cat. 1A → Danger.
  • Diluted acetic acid (vinegar-strength): Skin irritation Cat. 2 → Warning.
  • Sodium hydroxide 50%: Skin corrosion Cat. 1A + acute inhalation → Danger.

Why it matters

Under OSHA HazCom 2012 and EU CLP, the signal word is what a worker sees first in an emergency. Getting it right (or wrong) is what regulators check first during a labelling audit.

Related reading

Results are indicative and for educational use. Verify against your institution's protocols and the manufacturer's SDS before any real-world use. Not valid as a regulatory label. Terms of use.